Tuesday 18 October 2022

In the city of Linz, capital of Austria's federal state of Upper Austria

 "Once miracles are admitted, every scientific explanation is out of the question." -- Johannes Kepler

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(in the capital of Austria's federal state of Upper Austria) The city of Linz lies along the Danube River 100 miles (160 km) west of Vienna. It originated as the Roman fortress of Lentia and became an important medieval trading center. By the 13th century it had all of the outward characteristics of a city but none of a city’s rights. It became the provincial capital in the 15th century during the residence of the Holy Roman emperor Frederick III and was noted for its fairs. The see of a Roman Catholic bishop since 1785, Linz has become an important cultural center, with the Johannes Kepler University, schools of art and music, a college-level Academy of Industrial and Art Design, a seminary, scientific institutes, museums and art galleries, libraries, archives, an opera house, and theaters.

+ A city rich in historic buildings, which include the old castle, St. Martin’s Church, the early Baroque Town Hall, the 13th-century main square with a monument to the Holy Trinity, the City Parish Church, the old cathedral, the Minorite (Franciscan) Church, and the 16th-century Landhaus (“State House”). Also notable are the monastic churches (Capuchin, Ursuline, Carmelite), the neo-Gothic New Cathedral (1862–1924), and the 19th-century fortifications built by Archduke Maximilian d’Este. The bridge across the Danube leads to the Urfahr quarter on the left bank beneath the Pöstling Hill.

+ Lying on a direct rail route between the Baltic and Adriatic seas, as well as on the Danube, Linz has extensive docks and a busy river-transit trade. After 1938 it developed into an important industrial center with ironworks and steelworks and a nitrogen-fixation plant. (War damage necessitated their reconstruction after 1945.) The city’s manufactures also include machinery, electrical equipment, textiles, glass, furniture, beverages, shoes, rubber, and tobacco products. With its large shopping malls and extensive wholesale facilities, Linz is a retail trade center for Upper Austria. It is a large center of employment as well, and many people work in public administration

+ This is a city on the move, with its finger on the pulse of the country's technology industry. Daring public art installations, a burgeoning cultural scene, a cyber center and a cutting-edge gallery that looks freshly minted for a sci-fi movie -- all signal tomorrow’s Austria.

+ Linz was named as the European Capital of Culture in 2009, and in 2014 Austria’s third-largest city became a UNESCO City of Media Arts. Sitting astride the Danube, Linz is not only a contemporary hub but also harbors a charming Altstadt (Old Town) filled with historic baroque architecture. Despite its historic Old Town, Linz is strikingly contemporary. The city hosts a cutting-edge cultural scene, exemplified by its futuristic electronic arts center and glass-fronted modern arts museum, both set on the banks of the river.



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At the medieval Cologne Cathedral (Kölner Dom), in the city of Cologne, Germany

 One of the key inland ports of Europe, Cologne (German: Köln) is the historic, cultural, and economic capital of the Rhineland. ===========...