Sunday 7 January 2024

In the city of Berlin, the capital and largest city of Germany

 Some see snow; some see cold; I see beauty.

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(in northeastern Germany) Berlin is the capital and largest city of Germany. The city is surrounded by the state of Brandenburg (the capital of which is nearby Potsdam). The Berlin-Brandenburg capital region has around 6.2 million inhabitants and is Germany's second-largest metropolitan region after the Rhine-Ruhr region.

+ Berlin was built along the banks of the Spree river, which flows into the Havel in the western borough of Spandau. About one-third of the city's area is composed of forests, parks and gardens, rivers, canals, and lakes. The city is well recognized for its historical associations as Germany's capital, internationalism and tolerance, a vibrant nightlife, countless cafés, clubs, pubs, street art, and a plethora of museums, palaces, and other historic monuments. The city is experiencing a cultural rebirth, with everything from museums to fashion to restaurants and nightclubs. The city is also recognized for its art scene and contemporary landmarks like the 1963-built gold-colored, swoop-roofed Berliner Philharmonie.

+ First documented in the 13th century and at the crossing of two important historic
 trade routes, Berlin was designated the capital of the Margraviate of Brandenburg (from 1417-1701), Kingdom of Prussia (1701-1918), German Empire (1871-1918), Weimar Republic (1919-1933), and Nazi Germany (1933-1945). Berlin has served as a scientific, artistic, and philosophical hub during the Age of Enlightenment, Neoclassicism, and the German revolutions of 1848–1849.

+ After World War II and following Berlin's occupation, the city was split into West Berlin and East Berlin, divided by the Berlin Wall. East Berlin was declared capital of East Germany, while Bonn became the West German capital. Following German reunification in 1990, Berlin once again became the capital of all of Germany.

+ From its fashion to its architecture to its political history, Berlin has always been edgy. The Berlin Wall is a sobering reminder of the hyper-charged postwar atmosphere, and yet the graffiti art that now covers its remnants has become symbolic of social progress. Check out the Weltzeituhr (world time) Clock, topped by a model of the solar system, then turn back time by dining at the historic Zur Letzten Instanz, a 16th century restaurant that was frequented by Napoleon and Beethoven.

+ Berlin is home to several universities such as the Humboldt University of Berlin, the Technical University of Berlin, and the Free University of Berlin. The Berlin Zoological Garden is still the most visited zoo in Europe. Berlin is also home to three World Heritage Sites. The Museum Island, the Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin, and the Berlin Modernism Housing Estates. Other landmarks include the Brandenburg Gate (shown here), the Reichstag building, Potsdamer Platz, the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe, and the Berlin Wall Memorial.






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At the medieval Cologne Cathedral (Kölner Dom), in the city of Cologne, Germany

 One of the key inland ports of Europe, Cologne (German: Köln) is the historic, cultural, and economic capital of the Rhineland. ===========...