In the city of Oldenburg, an independent city in the state of Lower Saxony, Germany

 The Lower Saxony (state) of Germany is the country’s second largest state in size; it occupies an important band of territory across the northwestern part of the country. It is bordered by the North Sea and the German states of Schleswig-Holstein and Hamburg to the north and by the states of Mecklenburg–West Pomerania to the northeast, Saxony-Anhalt to the east, Thuringia and Hessen to the south, and North Rhine–Westphalia to the southwest. The Netherlands borders Lower Saxony to the west.

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(in an independent city in the state of Lower Saxony, Germany). Situated at the junction of the Hunte River and the Küsten Canal, which links the Hunte and Ems rivers, some 25 miles (40 km) west of Bremen, Oldenburg lies at the eastern approach to the North Sea coastal district of Leer, East Friesland (Ostfriesland). First mentioned in 1108 and chartered in 1345, it became the seat of the counts and dukes of Oldenburg in the 17th century. From 1918 to 1946 the city was the capital of Oldenburg state. There is shipping with Bremerhaven at the Weser estuary and with the Ruhr district (and Oldenburg is a center for conventions, exhibitions, and sporting events). Landmarks include the grand ducal palace , which now houses a state museum of art and culture, and the Lamberti Church. Oldenburg also has other museums and art galleries, a state theater, and botanical gardens. It is the seat of the Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg (which was founded in 1973).

+During the French annexation (from1811–1813) in the wake of the Napoleonic war against Britain, it was also known as Le Vieux-Bourg in French. The city is the place of origin of the House of Oldenburg. Before the end of the German Empire (in1918), it was the administrative center and residence of the monarchs of Oldenburg.

+ Archaeological finds point to a settlement dating back to the 8th century. The first documentary evidence, in 1108, referenced Aldenburg in connection with Elimar I (also known as Egilmar I) who is now commonly seen as the first count of Oldenburg. The town gained importance due to its location at a ford of the navigable Hunte river. Oldenburg became the capital of the County of Oldenburg (later a Duchy (from 1774–1810), Grand Duchy (1815–1918), and Free State (1918–1946)) -- a small state in the shadow of the much more powerful Hanseatic city of Bremen.

+ In the 17th century Oldenburg was a wealthy town in a time of war and turmoil and its population and power grew considerably. In 1667, the town was struck by a disastrous plague epidemic and, shortly after, a fire destroyed it. The Danish kings, who were also counts of Oldenburg at the time, appeared to have little interest in the condition of the town and it lost most of its former importance. In 1773, Danish rule ended. Only then were the destroyed buildings in the city rebuilt in a neoclassicist style. (German-speakers usually call the neoclassicist style of that period klassizistisch.)