In the city of Trier, on the banks of the Moselle river in Germany

 Trier is a city  on the banks of the Moselle river in Germany in a valley between vine-covered hills of sandstone in the west of Rhineland-Palatinate, near the border with Luxembourg.

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+ Trier has preserved more Roman monuments than any other German city, including the 2nd-century Porta Nigra, ruins of 4th-century Roman baths; and the amphitheater (ca. 100 CE) plus the basilica, and the the cathedral, both from the 4th century. Both the Porta Nigra (shown here) and the basilica were converted into churches in the Middle Ages but have since been restored. The largely Romanesque cathedral, was rebuilt in about 550 and extended in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries. Other notable churches include the Church of Our Lady (1235–70); the Church of St. Gangolf (13th to 15th centuries); the Abbey Church of St. Matthias (1127–60), with the tomb of the saint; and the Baroque Church of St. Paulin (1734–57), designed by Balthasar Neumann. Trier’s Roman monuments, the cathedral, and the Church of Our Lady were designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1986. Civic monuments include the Market Cross from 958 and the Petersbrunnen (Peter’s Fountain; 1595), both in the market square; nearby are the Kesselstatt Palace (1740–45) and the Electoral Palace (1614). (The Catholic theological faculty, part of the university founded in 1473, was refounded in 1950.)

+ The city is the seat of the University of Trier (founded in 1970 as part of the Trier-Kaiserslautern University; became autonomous in 1975). It also contains the Rhineland Museum, which features sculptures and prehistoric, Roman, and Frankish art. Trier is the birthplace of St. Ambrose (ca. 339 CE), who converted and baptised St. Augustine, and of Karl Marx (1818), the German political philosopher and socialist.

+ Karl Marx (born May 5, 1818, in Trier, and died March 14, 1883, London, England) was a revolutionary, sociologist, historian, and economist. He published (with Friedrich Engels) Manifest der Kommunistischen Partei (1848), commonly known as The Communist Manifesto, the most celebrated pamphlet in the history of the socialist movement. He also was the author of the movement’s most important book, Das Kapital. These writings and others by Marx and Engels form the basis of the body of thought and belief known as Marxism.

+ Karl Marx (born May 5, 1818, in Trier, who died March 14 1883, in London, England) was a revolutionary, sociologist, historian, and economist. He published (with Friedrich Engels) Manifest der Kommunistischen Partei (1848), commonly known as The Communist Manifesto, the most celebrated pamphlet in the history of the socialist movement. He also was the author of the movement’s most important book, Das Kapital. (These writings and others by Marx and Engels form the basis of the body of thought and belief known as Marxism. The birthplace of Karl Marx now houses a fascinating museum that is dedicated to the life and writings of Marx, as well as the history of communism.