In the autonomous province of Vojvodina, in the northernmost part of Serbia

 Modern Vojvodina is multi-ethnic and multi-cultural, with some 26 ethnic groups.

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(in the northernmost part of AP Serbia) Vojvodina, officially the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, occupies the northernmost part of Serbia. It lies within the Pannonian Basin, bordered to the south by the national capital, Belgrade, and the Sava and Danube Rivers. (The administrative center, Novi Sad [shown here] is the second-largest city in Serbia.) Vojvodina is bordered by Croatia to the west, Hungary to the north, and Romania to the east. The border with Serbia proper to the south generally follows the Sava River west of Belgrade and is formed by the Danube.

+ Vojvodina is is mostly a plain landscape intersected by the Danube, Tisa and Sava rivers, plus a network of canals, roads and railways, connecting the Central and Western Europe with the Balkans and Middle East.

+ In 1918 Vojvodina was part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, which was renamed Yugoslavia in 1929. An area of eastern Srem (the Fruška Gora [hills]) was attached to Vojvodina in 1931. In 1945, Vojvodina was part of the socialist Yugoslav federation as an autonomous province of the Serbian republic. Serbia reasserted direct control over it in 1989. It remained a province in the new Yugoslav republic established in 1992.

+ The ethnic makeup of Vojvodina was altered considerably by the warfare in the Balkan region that followed the breakup of the Yugoslav federation. An increasingly hostile atmosphere of Serbian nationalism prompted many from the province’s ethnic minorities to leave for neighboring countries, reducing in particular the important Hungarian community. They were replaced by ethnic Serbs who came as refugees from Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the Serbian province of Kosovo. In 1999 Vojvodina became the target of many attacks during the North Atlantic Treaty Organization’s massive aerial bombing campaign of Yugoslavia, because the province was the location of many of the country’s petroleum storage and refining facilities. Bridges over the Sava and Danube were specially targeted. (The bombing destroyed much of the province’s infrastructure and communications.)

+ Nominal autonomous status was restored to Vojvodina in 2002. In 2003 Yugoslavia’s name was changed to Serbia and Montenegro, and in 2006 the two constituent republics separated. Vojvodina remained within Serbia’s borders. Though the province maintained its nominal autonomy, some local groups continued to call for a more extensive form of self-rule.

+ Vojvodina is also home to the oldest national park called the Fruška Gora, situated on the slopes of the hills bearing the same name. Seventeen monasteries have been built throughout the centuries, across the Fruška Gora.