In the city of Faro, capital of the Algarve region in southern Portugal

 The Algarve is located in the southernmost area of continental Portugal and the southwesternmost area of the Iberian Peninsula and mainland Europe

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(in the southernmost city of Portugal) Faro, a city and municipality, lies on the Atlantic Ocean coast near Cape Santa Maria. Faro is the capital of the district of the same name, in the Algarve region of southern Portugal.

+ The biggest city and second most populous municipality in the Algarve (after Loulé), Faro, is one of the biggest in Southern Portugal). The municipalities of Faro-Olhão-Loulé due to its adjacency, sharing of infrastructures, and regular commutes, can be considered an intermunicipal community.
+ The surrounding region is coextensive with the historical province of Algarve. It is popular with tourists because of its mild climate, fine beaches, and Moorish-looking towns. (Henry the Navigator chose Algarve as a base for his expeditions in the 15th century, which sailed from ports near Faro city.)

+ Held by the Moors from early in the 8th century until 1249, when it was recaptured by Afonso III, the city was the last Moorish stronghold in Portugal. It was sacked by the English in 1596 and was almost totally destroyed in the earthquakes of 1722 and 1755. Notable remaining buildings include the Renaissance cathedral (restored in the 18th century); the Convent of Nossa Senhora da Anunciação (1513) is in ruins. The former bishop’s palace library was pillaged by Robert Devereux, 2nd earl of Essex, in 1596 and formed the nucleus of the Bodleian Library in Oxford.

+ Faro (shown here) is the best-known city in Portugal’s famous Algarve region. There is an archaeological museum and a “Bishops’ Palace,” a Renaissance cathedral that was heavily bombed during World War II, but later rebuilt. Nearby in Estoi are Roman ruins, and Albufeira, also nearby, is a formerly quaint fishing village influenced by the Moors in the 8th century. It has become famous for its beachesand nightlife.

+ The Algarve’s capital has a more distinctly Portuguese feel than most resort towns. It has an attractive marina, well-maintained parks and plazas, and a picturesque cidade velha (old town) ringed by medieval walls. The old town's winding, cobbled pedestrian streets, squares and buildings were reconstructed in a melange of styles following successive batterings – first by marauding British and then by two big earthquakes – and are home to museums, churches, a bone chapel and al fresco cafes.

+ Agriculture is the primary economic activity, and Faro exports fish, wine, sumac (for tanning), and fruit. The publishing industry dates from 1489, when Jewish printers were operating presses in Lisbon and Faro for the country’s earliest incunabula in Hebrew. Eucalyptus trees, originally imported from Australia, are an important source of pulp for the paper industry. During the 1970s the Portuguese government designated a reserve near Faro to conserve both the environment and the traditional architecture.